The synthesis of nanoparticles using green methods is attracting increasing interest due to its wide range of applicationsThis research used an extract from the leaves, which are agricultural waste parts after the of Rhus coriaria L. fruit harvest to create silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Analyses utilising X-ray diffraction diffractometry (XRD), UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis.), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterise AgNPs. Results showed that the produced AgNPs had a spherical shape, a maximum absorbance of 367.47 nm, and crystalline nanoscale dimensions of 63.57 nm. The created AgNPs were tested for their antibacterial properties using microdilution methods on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as the yeast C. albicans ATCC 10231. According to the study's findings, the synthesised AgNPs demonstrated strong antibacterial activity at concentrations of 0.75 and 1.50 µg mL-1.
Keywords
AgNPs,antimicrobial,green synthesis,nanoparticles,Rhus coriaria L.
How to Cite
BARAN, A., & BİLİCİ , E. (2026). Studying the Antimicrobial Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Derived from the Agricultural Byproduct of Rhus coriaria L. (Sumac). ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 10(2), 495–503. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20064905
📄Alabssawy, A.N., Abu-Elghait, M., Azab, A.M., Khalaf-Allah, H.M.M., Ashry, A.S., Ali, A.O.M., Sabra, A.B., Salem, S.S., 2024. Hindering the biofilm of microbial pathogens and cancer cell lines development using silver nanoparticles synthesized by epidermal mucus proteins from Clarias gariepinus. BMC Biotechnology, 24(1):1–11.
📄Ali, M.H. 2020. Eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles from crust of Cucurbita maxima L. (Red Pumpkin). Eurasian Journal of Biosciences, 14(March): 2829–2833.
📄Arshad, F., Naikoo, G.A., Hassan, I.U., Chava, S.R., El-Tanani, M., Aljabali, A.A., Tambuwala, M.M., 2024. Bioinspired and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles for medical applications: A green perspective. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 196(6):3636–3669.
📄Baran, A., 2025. A study to assess the pharmacological agent potential of gold nanoparticles and their effects on human cancer cells and hospital pathogens using in vitro methods. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 15: 1498734.
📄Essghaier, B., Hannachi, H., Nouir, R., Mottola, F., 2023. Green synthesis and characterization of novel silver nanoparticles using Achillea maritima subsp. maritima aqueous extract : Antioxidant and antidiabetic potential and effect on virulence mechanisms of bacterial and fungal pathogens. Nanomaterials, 13(13): 1964.
📄Gayathiri, E., Bharathi, B., Priya, K., 2018. Study of the enumeration of twelve clinical important bacterial populations at 0.5 mcfarland standard. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 6(2): 880–893.
📄Khan, Shahid, Rauf, A., Aljohani, A.S.M., Al-Awthan, Y.S., Ahmad, Z., Bahattab, O.S., Khan, Shehla, Saadiq, M., Khan, S.A., Thiruvengadam, R., Thiruvengadam, M., 2024. Green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles in callistemon viminalis extracts and their antimicrobial activities. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 47(8): 1197–1211.
📄Mejía-Méndez, J.L., López-Mena, E.R., Sánchez-Arreola, E., 2023. Activities against lung cancer of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles: A review. Biomedicines, 11(2):1–32.
📄Mohamed, M., Hani, B., Koca, F., Unal, G., Rahman, N., Basma, A., Bozkurt, N., Bachir, A., Daoud, H., 2025. Evaluation of antimicrobial, anticancer, and neuroprotective activities of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) green-synthesized using a red pigment produced by Streptomyces sp. A23 strain isolated from Algerian bee pollen. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 90(00):8–8.
📄Mongy, Y., Shalaby, T., 2024. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Rhus coriaria extract and their anticancer activity against triple ‑ negative breast cancer cells. Scientific Reports, 14:13470.
📄Nosrati, F., Fakheri, B., Ghaznavi, H., Mahdinezhad, N., Sheervalilou, R., Fazeli-Nasab, B., 2025. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from plant Astragalus fasciculifolius bioss and evaluating cytotoxic effects on MCF7 human breast cancer cells. Scientific Reports, 15(1): 1–20.
📄Perrone, A., Yousefi, S., Basile, B., Corrado, G., Giovino, A., Salami, S.A., Papini, A., Martinelli, F., 2022. Pharmaceutical properties of sumac ( Rhus coriaria L .) and its genetic diversity. MDPI Horticulturae, 8:1168.
📄Rengarajan, S., Sivalingam, A.M., Pandian, A., Chaurasia, P.K., 2024. Nanomaterial (AgNPs) synthesis using Calotropis gigantea extract, characterization and biological application in antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials, 34: 4005–4021.
📄Salem, S.S., Ali, O.M., Reyad, A.M., Abd-Elsalam, K.A., Hashem, A.H., 2022. Pseudomonas indica-mediated silver nanoparticles: antifungal and antioxidant biogenic tool for suppressing mucormycosis fungi. Journal of Fungi, 8(2): 126.
📄Sarker, S.D., Nahar, L., Kumarasamy, Y., 2007. Microtitre plate-based antibacterial assay incorporating resazurin as an indicator of cell growth, and its application in the in vitro antibacterial screening of phytochemicals. Methods, 42(4): 321–324.
📄Sharifi-Rad, M., Elshafie, H.S., Pohl, P., 2024. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Lallemantia royleana leaf Extract: Their bio-pharmaceutical and catalytic properties. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 448: 115318.
📄Vadakkan, K., Rumjit, N.P., Ngangbam, A.K., Vijayanand, S., Nedumpillil, N.K., 2024. Novel advancements in the sustainable green synthesis approach of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for antibacterial therapeutic applications. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 499: 215528.
📄Zapata, A., Ramirez-Arcos, S., 2015. A comparative study of McFarland turbidity standards and the densimat photometer to determine bacterial cell density. Current Microbiology, 70(6): 907–909.
📄Zulfiqar, Z., Khan, R.R.M., Summer, M., Saeed, Z., Pervaiz, M., Rasheed, S., Shehzad, B., Kabir, F., Ishaq, S., 2024. Plant-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, biological applications, and toxicological considerations: A review. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 57: 103121.
,
Esra BİLİCİ 2