Effects of Seed Size and PEG Induced Osmotic Stress on Germination and Seedling Growth in Grain Sorghum
Abstract views: 220
/ 
PDF downloads: 127
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8063306Keywords:
Drought, seedling vigor, seed size, vigor indexAbstract
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a C4 plant of the Gramineae family, included in the content of one-year, warm climate cereals. In general, it is widely cultivated in semi-arid and arid regions. In the study, under osmotic stress conditions, the seeds of the Öğretmenoğlu-75 variety were divided into small, medium and large. Seven different PEG 6000 concentrations of 0-5-10-15-20-25-30% were used to create osmotic stress and their effects on seed germination and seedling growth were investigated. In the study, germination power, average germination time, root and seedling length, root and seedling fresh weight were measured and calculated. In all genotypes studied, decreasing seed size and osmotic potential increased mean germination time and decreased germination vigor, root and seedling length. As a result of the research, it was determined that germination and seedling development of large seeds were better than small seeds under abiotic stress and poorly prepared seedbed conditions.
References
Ahmad, S., Ahmad, R., Ashraf, M.Y., Waraich, E.A., 2009. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) response to drought stress at germination and seedling growth stages. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41: 647‒654.
Ahmadloo, F., Tabari, M., Behtari, B., 2011. Effect of drought stress on the germination parameters of Cupressus seeds. International Journal of Forest, Soil and Erosion, 1(1): 11-17.
Akbudak, M.A., Filiz, E., Vatansever, R., Kontbay, K., 2018. Genome-Wide identification and expression profiling of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) genes under drought stress in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.). Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 37: 925-936.
Akıncı, C., Yıldırım, M., 2007. Tohum iriliğinin makarnalık buğdayın verim ve kalitesi üzerine etkisi. TOGAV-TÜBİTAK Araştırma Raporu, Diyarbakır.
Akyürek, G., 2020. Bazı egzotik sebze türlerinin kuraklığa toleransının belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tekirdağ.
Almansouri, M., Kinet, J.M., Lutts, S., 2001. Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant and Soil, 231: 243-254.
Altunlu, H., 2011. Aşılamanın domateste kuraklık stresine etkileri. Doktora Tezi. Ege Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İzmir.
Anglani, C., 1998. Sorghum for human food–A review. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 52: 85-95.
Arıcı, R.Ç., Avcı, M.A., 2022. Determination of forage yield and some quality characteristics of silage Sorghum Genotypes at different water stress levels. Selcuk Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 36(1): 1-7.
Arpacı, B.B., 2003. Farklı su düzeyi uygulamalarının kavunda verim, bitki gelişimi ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kahramanmaraş.
Aslan, H., 2018. Bazı yaygın mürdümük çeşitlerinde kuraklık stresinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimine etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hatay.
Atış, İ., 2011. Bazı silajlık Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) çeşitlerinin çimlenmesi ve fide gelişimi üzerine tuz stresinin etkileri. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(2): 58-67.
Avcı, S., İleri, O., Kaya, M.D., 2015. Determination of genotypic variation among sorghum cultivars for seed vigor, salt and drought stresses. Journal of Agricultural Science, 23: 335-343.
Avcı, S., Şahan, S., Kaya, M.D., 2018. Determination of salt-stress response in forage pea cultivars during germination and early seedling growth. International Conference on Agriculture, Forest, Food Sciences and Technologies, Conference Proceedings Book, 2-5 April, İzmir, s. 88-94.
Balkan, A., Gençtan, T., 2013. Ekmeklik buğdayda (Triticum aestivum L.) osmotik stresin çimlenme ve erken fide gelişimi üzerine etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(2): 44-52.
Baniabbass, Z., Zamani, G., Sayyari, M., 2012. Effect of drought stress and zinc sulfate on the yield and some physiological characteristics of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Environmental Biology, 6: 518-525.
Başaran, U., Gülümser, E., Doğrusöz, M.Ç., Mut, H., Şahin, A., 2017. Farklı silajlık mısır çeşitlerinin hamur olum döneminde silaj ve tane özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 20: 1-5.
Bergvanden, L., Zeng, Y.J., 2006. Response of South African indigenous grass species to drought stress induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000. South African Journal of Botany, 72: 284-286.
Bibi, H., Sadaqat, A., Tahir, M.H.N., Akram, H.M., 2012. Screening of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var moench) for drought tolerance at seedling stage in polyethylene glycol. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 22(3): 671-678.
Bilgili, D., 2016. Bazı Ekmeklik Buğday genotiplerinde tuz ve kuraklık stresinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimine etkisi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hatay, s. 91.
Bilgili, D., Atak, M., Mavi, K., 2018. Bazı ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinde tuz ve kuraklık stresinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimine etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 23(1): 85-96.
Bliss, R.D., Plat-Alola, K.A., Thomson, W.W., 1986. Osmotic sensitivity in relation to salt sensitivity in germinating barley seeds. Plant, Cell & Environment, 9: 721-725.
Borawska-Jarmułowicz, B., Mastalerczuk, G., Gozdowski, D., Małuszyńska, E., Szydłowska, A., 2017. The Sensitivity of Lolium perenne and Poa pratensis to salinity and drought during the seed germination and under different photoperiod conditions. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, 104(1): 71-78
Boutraa, T., Sanders, F.E., 2001. Influence of water stress on grain yield and vegetative growth of two cultivars of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 187: 251-257.
Brown, S.C., Gregory, P.J., Cooper, M., Keatinge, D.H., 1989. Root and shoot growth and water use of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) grown in dryland conditions: effects of sowing date and genotype. Journal of Agricultural Science, 113: 41-49.
Butola, J.S., Badola, H.K., 2004. Seed germination ımprovement using chemicals in heracleum candicans wall, a threatened medicinal herb of Himalaya. Indian Forester, 130(5): 565–572.
Castroluna, A., Ruiz, O.M., Quiroga, A.M., Pedranzani, H.E., 2014. Effects of salinity and drought stress on germination, biomass and growth in three varieties of Medicago sativa L. Avences. En Investigacion Agropecuaria, 18(1): 39-50
Çalıkoğlu, M., Tilki, F., 2002. Orman ağacı tohumlarında çimlenme-su stresi ilişkisi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 52(1): 77-88.
Çarpıcı, E.B., Erdel, B., 2015. Bazı yonca çeşitlerinde (Medicago sativa L.) kuraklık stresinin çimlenme özellikleri üzerine etkisi, Derim, 32(2): 201-210.
Datta, J.K., Mondal, T., Banerjee, A., Mondal, N.K., 2011. Assessment of drought tolerance of selected wheat cultivars under laboratory condition. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 7(2): 383-393.
Dezfuli, P.M., Sharif-zadeh, F., Janmohammadi, M., 2008. Influence of priming techniques on seed germination behavior of maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.). American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 3: 22-25.
Dimkpa, C.O., Bindraban, P.S., Fugice, J., AgyinBirikorang, S., Singh, U., Hellums, D., 2017. Composite micronutrient nanoparticles and salts decrease drought stress in Soybean. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 37(5): 1-13.
Doğan, N., 2006. Su stresi altındaki fasulye (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) bitkisinin iyon alım mekanizmasının araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
Ellis, R.H., Roberts, E.H., 1980. Towards a rational basis for testing seed quality. London.
Gamze, O., Mehmet, D.K., Mehmet, A., 2005. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture, 29: 237-242.
Gongping, G.U., GuoRong, W.U., ChangMei, L., ChangFang, Z., 2000. Effects of PEG priming on vigor index and activated oxygen metabolism in soybean seedlings. Chinese Journal Of Oil Crop Scıences, 22(2): 26-30.
Graven, L.M., Carter, P.R., 1990. Seed size/shape and tillage system effects on corn growth and grain yield. Puplished in Journal Production Agriculture, 3: 445- 452.
Guberac, V., Martincic, J., Maric, S., 1998. Influence of seed size on germinability, germ length, rootlet length and grain yield in spring oat. Bodenkultur, 49: 1318.
Gürbüz, A., Kaya, M., Türkan, A.D., Kaya, G., Kaya, M.D., Çiftçi, C.Y., 2009. Bazı Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinde tane iriliği ve kuraklık stresinin çimlenme özelliklerine etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(1): 69-74.
Hampson, C.R., Simpson, G.M., 1990. Effects of temperature, salt, and osmotic potential on early growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). I. Germination. Canadian Journal of Botany, 68(3): 524-528.
Harmancı, P., 2020. Farklı abiyotik stres koşullarında haşhaş tohumlarının çimlenme ve çıkış performanslarının incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir.
ISTA, 2003. Handbook of Vigour Test Methods (2nd Edition). International Seed Testing Association, Zürich, Switzerland.
JMP, 2019. JMP Users Guide. Version 13.0.0, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
Kaufman, M.R., Eckard, A.N., 1971. Evolution of stress control by polyethylene. glycols by analysis of gulation. Plant Physiology, 47: 453- 456.
Kawade, R.M., Ugale, S.D., Patil, R.B., 1987. Effect of seed size on germination, seedling vigor, and test weight of pearl millet. Seed Science Research, 15: 210-213.
Kaya, E., 2011. Erken bitki gelişme aşamasında kuraklık ve tuzluluk streslerine tolerans bakımından fasulye genotipinin taranması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
Kaya, E., Daşgan, H.Y., 2013. Erken bitki gelişme aşamasında kuraklık ve tuzluluk streslerine tolerans bakımından fasulye genotiplerinin taranması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 29(2): 39-48.
Kaya, M.D., Okçu, G., Atak, M., Çıkılı Y., Kolsarıcı, Ö., 2006. Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). European Journal of Agronomy, 24: 291- 295.
Kaydan, D., Yagmur, M., 2008. Germination, seedling growth and relative water content of shoot in different seed sizes of triticale under osmotic stress of water and NaCl. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7: 2862-2868.
Khajeh-Hosseini, M., Powell, A.A., Bingham, I.J., 2003. The interaction between salinity stress and seed vigour during germination of soybean seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 31: 715-725.
Khan, M.A., Kashmir, S., Ali, H.H., Gul, B., Raza, A., Umm-E-Kulsoom, U., Uslu, O.S., Waheed, H., 2019. Environmental factors can affect the germination and growth of Parthenium hysterophorus and Rumex crispus. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 51(6).
Khan, M.I., Shabbir, G., Akram, Z., Shah, M.K.N., Ansar, M., Cheema, N.M., Iqbal, M.S., 2013. Character association studies of seedling traits in different wheat genotypes under moisture stress conditions. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 45(3): 458-467.
Khayatnezhad, M., Gholamin, R., 2011. Effects of water and salt stresses on germination and seedling growth in two durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes. Scientific Research and Essays, 6(21): 4597-4603.
Khodarahmpour, Z., 2011. Effect of drought stress ınduced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) on germination ındices in Corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(79): 18222- 18227.
Kıpçak, S., Erdinç, Ç., 2016. Van Gölü Havzası'nda yetiştirilen bazı fasulye (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) genotiplerinin tuza tolerans seviyelerinin belirlenmesi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 26(3): 421-429.
Kim, K.S., Kim, J.H., Bae, T.J., Park, C.K., Kim, M.H., 2002. Characteristics of food components in Granular Ark and Ark Shell. Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 35(5): 512-518.
Kramer, P.J., 1983. Water relations of plants. International Review of Cytology, 85: 253-286.
Kuşvuran, Ş., Daşgan, H.Y., Abak, K., 2011. Farklı kavun genotiplerinin kuraklık stresine tepkileri. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 21(3): 209-219.
Küçükkömürcü, S., 2011. Tuzluluk ve kuraklık streslerine tolerans bakımından bamya genotiplerinin taranması, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
Lafond, G.P., Baker, R.J., 1986. Effects of temperature, moisture stress, and seed size on germination of nine spring wheat cultivars 1. Crop science, 26(3): 563-567.
Larsen, S.U., Andreasen, C., 2004. Light and heavy seeds differ in germination percentage and mean germination thermal time. Crop Science, 44: 1710-1720.
López, R., Aranda, I., Gil, L., 2009. Osmotic adjustment is a significant mechanism of drought resistance in Pinus pinaster and Pinus canariensis. Investigación Agraria: Sistemas y Recursos Forestales, 18(2): 159-166.
Meşe, N., 2019. Amerikan asma anaçlarında kurağa dayanımın erken belirlenmesinde in vitro bir yöntem geliştirilmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
Mut, Z., Akay, H., 2010. Effect of seed size and drought stress on germination and seedling growth of naked oat (Avena sativa L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 16(4): 459-467.
Mut, Z., Akay, H., Aydin, N., 2010. Effects of seed size and drought stress on germination and seedling growth of some oat genotypes (Avena sativa L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(10): 1101-1107.
Nayar, H., Gupta, D., 2006. Differential Sensitivity of C3 and C4 Plants to water deficit stress: association with oxidative stress and antioxidants. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 58: 106-113.
Nazirzadeh, A., 2018. Farklı patates (Solanum Tuberosum L.) çeşitlerinin In Vitro kuraklık ve tuzluluk stresine tepkileri. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Okçu, G., Kaya, D., Atak, M., 2005. Effects of salt and drought stresses on germination and seedling growth of pea (Pisum sativum L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29(4).
Oyier, M., Owuoche, J., Cheruiyot, E., Oyoo, M., Rono, J., 2016. Utilization of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench.) Hybrids in Kenya: A review. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 9: 65-76.
Öztürk, E., Akay H., Sezer, İ., 2021. Şeker mısırda çimlenme ve erken fide gelişimi döneminde tuz stresine karşı salisilik asit ön uygulamasının etkisi. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 11(4): 3213-3221.
Piwowarczyk, B., Kaminska, I., Rybinski, W., 2014. Influence of PEG generated osmotic stress on shoot regeneration and some biochemical parameters in lathyrus culture. Czech Journal Genetic Plant Breed, 50(2): 77-83.
Priyanka, S., Rizwan, M., Bhatt, K.V., Mohapatra, T., Govind S., 2011. In-vitro Response of Vigna aconitifolia to drought stress induced by PEG6000. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 7(3): 108-121.
Radhouane, L., 2007. Response of tunisian autochthonous pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) to drought stress induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6: 1102-1105.
Rostami, A.A., Rahemi, M., 2013. Responses of caprifig genotypes to water stress and recovery. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences, 7(21).
Rouhi, H.R., Aboutalebian, M.A., Sharif-Zadeh, F., 2011. Effects of hydro and osmopriming on drought stress tolerance during germination in four grass species. International Journal of Agricultural Science, 1(2): 701-774.
Roy, S.K.S., Hamid, A., Giashuddin Miah, M., Hashem, A., 1996. Seed size variation and its effects on germination and seedling vigour in rice. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 176: 7982.
Saxena, N.P., Johansen, C., Saxena, M.C., Silim, S.N., 1993. Selection for drought and salinity tolerance in cool-season food legumes. In: K.B. Singh, M.C. Saxena (Eds), Breeding for Stres Tolerance in Cool-Season Food Legumes. United Kingdom, pp. 245-270.
Toosi, A.F., Bakar, B., Azizi, M., 2014. Effect of drought stress by using PEG 6000 on germination and early seedling growth of brassica juncea var. Ensabi. Agronomy, 360-363.
Tsago, Y., Andargie, M., Takele, A., 2013. In Vitro screening for drought tolerance in different sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varieties. Journal of Stress Physiology & Biochemistry, 9(3): 72-83.
Uslu, Ö.S., Gedik, O., 2019. Akdeniz ikliminde yetiştirilen tritikalenin tuzluluğa karşı toleransının araştırılması. III. International Mediterranean Forest and Environment Symposium, Kongre Bildiriler Kitabı, 3-5 Ekim, Kahramanmaraş, s. 191-196.
Ünal, H., 2010. Fasulyenin (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) fide aşamasında kuraklığa tepkisi ve toleranslı genotiplerin belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kahramanmaraş.
Van der Berg, L., Zeng, Y.J., 2006. Response of South African indigenous grass species to drought stress induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000. South African Journal of Botany, 72: 284- 286.
Verslues, P.E., Bray, E.A., 2004. LWR1 and LWR2 are required for osmo regulation and osmotic adjustment in arabidopsis. Plant Physiology, 136: 761-764.
Willenborg, C.J., Wildeman, J.C., Miller, A.K., Rossnaged, B.G., Shirtliffe, S.J., 2005. Oat germination characteristics differ among genotypes, seed sizes, and osmotic potentials. Crop Science, 45: 2023-2029.
Yurgiden, B., 2019. Farklı abiyotik stres koşullarında çörek otu genotiplerinin çimlenme ve çıkış performanslarının incelenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir.
Zhang, Q., Yang, L., Rue, K., 2018. Differences in seedling growth of 23 creeping bentgrass cultivars under polyethylene glycol-induced drought conditions, Horttech, 28(3): 327-331.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
